[理知??/??? ??]???? ???? ????

  • ?? 2007? 7? 31? 02? 59?


???, ???, ??? 3?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??. ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??. ? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ? ?? ???? ???????

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???? ?????? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ??. ?? ?? ??? 3?? ?? 2, 2, 6? ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???. ?, ?? ?? ? ?? 1, 1? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ? ?? 1? ??? ??? ? ?? ? ?? ??? ????? ? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???. ???? ? ?? ??? ?? ????

(2, 2, 1), (2, 2, 3) →2??

(3, 3, 1), (3, 3, 2), (3, 3, 4), (3, 3, 5) →4??

(4, 4, 1), (4, 4, 2), (4, 4, 3), (4, 4, 5), (4, 4, 6) →5??

(5, 5, 1), (5, 5, 2), (5, 5, 3), (5, 5, 4), (5, 5, 6) →5??

(6, 6, 1), (6, 6, 2), (6, 6, 3), (6, 6, 4), (6, 6, 5) →5??

?? 21?? ??? ?????, ?????? ?? (3, 4, 5) ?????.

??: ? ?? ??? ?? ???? 21?? ??. ?????? 1?? ??

?? ? ??, ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????.

??(慧遠(yuǎn)·333~416)? ?? ??(東晉) ?? ???, ‘??? ???? ???? ????? ? ? ??’? ??? ???? ????. ?? ??? ???? ??? 37? ?? ??(廬山)? ???(東林寺)? ??? ????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ?? ????.

?? ?? ???(陶淵明 365-427)? ?? ? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ???. ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????. ??? ???? ???.

“??? ? ?? ?????. ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ? ? ?? ?????”

??? ? ?????,

“? ???. ??? ??? ??, ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ??. ??? ? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????.”

???? ???? ???.

“? ??? ?? ??? ?? ? ????”

“? ??. ?? ??? ? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ??.”

“??? ??????”

“??, ??? ? ??? ????.”

“?? ??? ?? ??? ?????”

“??? ?? ??? ??? ???. __________?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ? ?????”

?? ???? ??? ???? ????.

―???·??? ?? ‘??? ??? ????’ ???

① ??? ??? ???? ?? ????, ??? ??? ???? ?? ???(順天者? 存?? 逆天者? 亡???).

② ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ? ? ???, ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ? ? ???(勿以善小而不爲(wèi)?? 勿以惡小而爲(wèi)之??).

③ ?? ??? ??? ??? ?(福)?? ??, ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?(禍)?? ????(爲(wèi)善者? 天報(bào)之以福?? 爲(wèi)不善者? 天報(bào)之以禍??).

④ ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??(見善如不及?? 見不善如探湯??).

⑤ ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????(一日行善?? 福雖未至? 禍自遠(yuǎn)矣? 一日行惡?? 禍雖未至? 福自遠(yuǎn)矣??).

[?? ? ??]

? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??. ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ?? ???. ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???, ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??(?? ??)??? ????? ?? ???? ??. ??? ②? ?? ??.

①? ‘??? ?? ?, ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ? ?? ???? ??’? ??? ? ??? ???? ??? ??. ③? ‘????? ??? ???? ???? ????(因果應(yīng)報(bào))? ??? ???’? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ??. ④? ‘?? ?? ?? ???? ? ? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??, ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???’? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??. ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? ? ??. ⑤? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ‘?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ? ?????’?? ??? ??? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ??.

??: ②

Burgess? Concentric Zone Theory(?????)? ??, ???????? ???? ?? ? ???? ?? ??? ? ?? Zone? ???? ???? ?? ? ???.

This is a diagram of the ecological structure which represents an ideal construction of the tendencies of any city to expand radially from its central business district.

The theory posits concentric zones round the central area, defined by their residential composition, moving from the very poor and socially deviant, in the inner zone of transition, to a peripheral suburban commuter ring.

Burgess himself argued that this structure is the result of competition between users for land-a process analogous to the ecological competition between biological species for territory.

In human societies, these ‘biotic’ processes are overlaid by cultural processes, which limit the conflict and social disorganization resulting from unfettered territorial competition.

Control is exercised through the division of the population into distinctive groups, defined by common ethnic identity, occupational status, or economic position. Within each zone, groups occupy particular natural areas, so forming an ‘urban mosaic’ of local communities.

Social and economic mobility cause changes in the pattern of territorial occupation, via the ecological processes of invasion, domination, and succession.

[?? ? ??]

?????? ??? ???? E.W. ???? 1925? ??? ?(市)? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???, ?? ??? ① ?? ???? ?? ② ??(推移)??(??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??) ③ ????? ???? ④ ??? ???? ⑤ ??? ????? 5??? ?????. ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??. ?? ????(the zone of transition/transitional zone)? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ? ???? ??? ???? ??.

??: Transitional Zone

▼???? Q&A▼

Q: ??·??? ????? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ? ??? ?? ?????. ? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????.

A: ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ? ????. ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ???????. ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????. ??? ??? ??, ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????. ?? ??? 10?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???.

????? ??? 60?? ? 15~20? ??? ?? ???, ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????. ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ????? 30?? ? 5?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????. ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ? ????.

????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ‘????’ ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????. ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???.

????? ?? ??? ???? ??·??·?? ???? ???? ???? ????, ??? ?????? ? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ? ??? ??? ?????.

?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????? FLEX? ??? ???? ?????. ? 4? ??? ???? ???? ?? 3, 4? ? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ? ? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ???. ????? ???? ??? ????.

????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???. ????? ??????? ????.

????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ????, ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ????. ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ??, ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????.

????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????. ????? ?? 75? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ???? ? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ??, ??? ? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????.

??·??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??
???? ???
??4555?
??6050?
??3040?
??3060?
??33~3450?
??3040?
????5560?(?? 50?)
???? ???
??2022?
??1620?
??710?
??20
??16
???3340?
??3340?
??3340?

○ ???? ????

① ??? ?? ?? ????. ② ???? ??. ??? ??? ??? ????. ③ ?????? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????. ④ ??? ????? ??, ?? ??? ????. ⑤ ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??. ⑥ ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????. ⑦ ? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????.

??? ????? ???? ?? ????????

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