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???? ?? ??? ????? ‘??? ?? ???? ??(無道)??’? ?? ‘????’(昏庸無道)? ????.

?? 20? ????? ??? 8～14? ??? ???? ?? 5?? ?? ?? 886?? ???? ? ?????? 524?(59.2%)? ‘????’? ????.

‘????’? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??(昏君)? ??(庸君)? ?? ??? ‘??’?, ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ‘??’? ‘????’(天下無道) ? ‘??’? ??? ????.

??? ??? ??(??)? “?? ????????(???) ??? ? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????”? “???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????, ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????”? ????.

‘????’? ?? ‘?? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ?’? ‘????’(似是而非)? 14.6%? ??? 2?? ????.

??? ??? ??(???)? “?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???”??? ???.

??? ?? ???? ‘????’(竭澤而漁. ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???)? 13.6%, ‘????’(危如累卵. ??? ?? ? ?? ???? ??)? 6.5%, ‘????’(刻舟求劍. ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????)? 6.4%? ??? ??? ???.

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