2023? ??? ??????
??? ??? ??????(Corruption Perceptions Index·CPI)? 180?? ? 32?? ??? 7? ?? ??? ????.
??? ??? ???? ‘???????’(Transparency International·TI)? 30? ??? ??? 2023? ??? ??????? ????.
??? 100? ??? 63??? ???? ?? ??? ?????, 180?? ? 32?? ??? ???? ??? 1?? ????.
????????(OECD) ????? 38?? ??? 22?? ???? ?? ??? ????.
??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? 100? ???? ??? ???. ?????? 70??? ‘??? ????? ??? ??’, 50??? ‘??????? ??? ??’? ????.
??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? 2017? ?? ????. ??? 2016? 53??? 2022? 63??? 10?? ?????, ??? ?? ?? 52??? 31?? 21?? ??? ? ??.
???????? ??? ?? “2017? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??”?? “?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??”? ???.
?? ?????? ???? 90??? 1?? ?????, ??? 2?(87?), ???? 3?(85?), ???? 4?(84?), ???? 5?(83?)? ?? ???. ??? ?? 73??? ?? 16?? ????.
(??=??1)
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